Transnational and International Criminal Law

Sergey Sayapin

2022

Closed access Metadata (CSL-JSON)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-6265-515-7_22
Data confidence 70 medium
How this score is calculated

It is built from checkable properties of the record itself: whether the article has a DOI, how many independent sources confirmed its data, whether the required fields are filled in, and how recent the latest confirmation is. Disagreement between sources and a missing identifier lower it. A value of 80 or above means the record was published without further checking; 60 to 79 means it is published at reduced confidence, with a manual check advisable. A record verified by an editor by hand is never pushed below 90 by a recalculation. This scores our data about the article, not the article itself.

Abstract

Transnational and international criminal law are bodies of law regulating cooperation between States, as well as between States and various institutions of international criminal justice, in the prevention, prosecution and punishment of individuals for transnational and international crimes. Ever since the Nuremberg and Tokyo trials after the Second World War, both transnational and international criminal law developed into full-scale branches of law dealing with the substantive and procedural aspects of combating such crimes as genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes and other international and transnational crimes. The penalisation of the crime of aggression has been relatively less successful. In 2002, a permanent International Criminal Court (ICC) was established but it does not yet enjoy universal support, and alternative regional formats such as the Malabo Protocol are contemplated. With due regard to the principle of complementarity, the indirect enforcement of international criminal law and transitional justice mechanisms will remain continually significant.