Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of the technological properties of short flax and hemp fiber during processing on wool worsted equipment, which includes a set of technological machines for yarn production.A technology for producing flax-wool and hemp-wool yarns was developed and experimentally tested, including stages of fiber blend preparation, carding, and spinning according to the woolen system. A comparative analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the resulting yarns was conducted, yarn breakage during spinning was assessed, and the main causes of technological defects were identified. Key factors affecting process stability and yarn quality were determined. Optimal parameters for preparing bast fibers were established, ensuring stable process performance, reducing breakage, and improving yarn quality. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to expand the raw material base of Kazakhstan’s textile industry and to rationally use local plant fibers in conditions of fine wool shortage. It was shown that processing bast fibers in blends with wool is possible with appropriate pre-treatment and optimization of processing regimes. The flax-wool blend demonstrated higher technological stability and improved strength characteristics. The results obtained confirm the potential for using bast fibers in woolen production and contribute to the development of domestic textile raw materials.