Abstract
Abstract A digital twin of a technological machine can significantly improve the efficiency of operation and maintenance in the agro-industrial complex. We conducted a theoretical study to identify the effectiveness of applying digital twins to assess the technical condition of agricultural machinery. The study examines the feasibility of implementing digital twins of technological machines during operation and maintenance to automate repair inspections, digitize engineering knowledge related to maintenance and repair, minimize equipment downtime, and control work quality and safety. The paper presents a formula that describes the functional dependence of the effectiveness of the digital twin application during operation and maintenance. The results show that engineers can make well-founded decisions on maintenance and repair only when a digital twin models various scenarios of complete and partial failures, accounts for operating modes, environmental impacts, and the degree of component wear. Therefore, we propose installing RFID tags and monitoring terminals on machinery, based on GPS, ISOBUS, and modern software, which analyze in real time whether process parameters comply with specified requirements and transmit commands and control actions to the machine operator to adjust the operation of the tractor, implement working elements, and the aggregate. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of applying digital twins of the technical condition of agricultural machinery, driven by lower maintenance costs, faster failure elimination, reduced unplanned downtime, and higher productivity.