Abstract
The study of historical memory is an essential aspect of political science. This is due to the case that the role of historical memory is substantial in ensuring the internal stability and development of the state, the identity of the people. Therefore, the policy of historical memory of Kazakhstan is not to demonstrate superiority over others or criticize our history for its difficulties. It is in order to determine our true identity based on our historical memory through an objective study of the history. The national consciousness will be wide due to the enormous inner spiritual connection of our society, the wealth of the historical memory fund and its influence on historical consciousness. Cultural continuity and national-civic identity are realized on the basis of historical memory. Therefore, historical memory, which has not yet been studied from the point of view of political science, is an urgent problem as an important factor in ensuring political stability and economic development of the country. We should study this issue in theoretical and conceptual terms due to the dispersion and lack of systematization of research necessitates. The purpose of the study is to give a political definition by analyzing the conclusions concerning historical memory, analyze it in order to determine its types and directions and make a conclusion. In the article, the conclusions of foreign and domestic scientists are systematized and classified according to their content. On the basis of general scientific methods such as systematization, classification, and annology, the interdisciplinary nature of historical memory is determined. We proposed an integrated approach to solving the problem. The concepts of historical memory, social memory, collective memory, cultural memory are analyzed and their content is highlighted. The concept of forgetting, which goes hand in hand with the concept of historical memory, is analyzed. The reasons for forgetting aspects of the past are shown and its influence on the country’s policy is determined. Key words: memory, historical memory, national idea, cultural memory, national identity, national code.