Abstract
Modern energy is at the crossroads of cutting-edge technologies that are revolutionizing the way power systems are controlled, managed and optimized. Leading the way in this process are IoT (Internet of Things), FPGAs (programmable gate arrays), and microcontrollers, including powerful devices such as ESP32. These technologies not only significantly improve the efficiency and reliability of energy systems, but also open up new prospects for creating sustainable and intelligent energy infrastructures. In the Republic of Kazakhstan, energy systems are actively monitored and optimized in order to ensure stable development and meet the growing energy needs of society. The use of IoT technologies allows you to quickly collect data on the operation of energy networks, analyze electricity consumption and predict changes based on information from sensors installed in various network nodes. The use of an FPGA provides high-speed processing of large amounts of data, which is necessary for real-time monitoring and control in conditions of rapidly changing load and dynamic energy processes. These capabilities help improve system resiliency and prompt response to accidents or network anomalies that occur. In this article, we will look at how IoT technologies, FPGAs, and a hybrid approach to modeling using EWT-LSTM-RELM-IEWT, as well as ESP32 microcontrollers, affect the development of the energy industry in the Republic of Kazakhstan. We will analyze current and prospective solutions aimed at optimizing energy systems and ensuring sustainable development of the national energy sector in the face of modern challenges and requirements.