Abstract
Today, all over the world, an important role in the sustainable provision of high-quality drinking water to the population is played by improving the quality of clean water, increasing the efficiency of water use, and ensuring the safety of both the population and countries. In these studies, experiments have been conducted to develop the design of a membrane apparatus capable of effective desalination of groundwater. According to the results of the study, the dependences of permeability and selectivity on the concentration of substances in water, pressure, and water flow velocity were determined. Based on the conducted experiments and the results obtained, a technological scheme and new results have been developed that can be used for sustainable desalination of groundwater and, accordingly, to ensure safe technology for membrane separation of nitrate, chloride, and sulfate salts, improve water quality, increase water use efficiency, and ensure freshwater reserves. The experimental results of groundwater purification in the developed membrane apparatus contribute to the purification of groundwater for chlorides up to 56%, for nitrates up to 99%, for sulfates up to 62%, and for dry residue up to 82%. The experimental results obtained comply with sanitary and hygienic requirements and are suitable for the sustainable use of groundwater as drinking water. It has been experimentally established that the dependence of the degree of regeneration on the rate of its drying is achieved within 1 hour of regeneration and is 99%.