Abstract
During in vitro fertilization and embryo implantation, the thickness of the endometrium plays a crucial role in successful pregnancies.Immunocompetent cells and their cytokines influence these processes significantly.This study aimed to investigate the relationship between trophoblast implantation failures, endometrial thickness, cytotoxic lymphocyte presence, and cytokine production.Patients with recurrent miscarriages and failed implantations underwent screening via ultrasonography, biopsy, karyotyping, and histological studies.Immunocompetent cells were isolated from endometrial tissue through homogenization and centrifugation.Flow cytofluorometry using specific monoclonal antibodies assessed cell markers and cytokine levels.Patients diagnosed with thin endometrial syndrome consistently exhibited an average endometrial thickness of 6 mm, indicating a common feature in cases of nonpregnancy.Cytotoxic lymphocytes expressing CD8, CD16, and CD56 receptors were present but significantly reduced in number compared to controls.Synthesized cytokine levels, particularly interleukin-1 and gamma interferon, were markedly lower in thin endometrial syndrome, with interleukin-10 showing reduced levels correlating with failed fetal implantation and recurrent pregnancy loss.The findings highlight the dysfunction of immunocompetent cells in thin endometrium, suggesting these parameters as potential prognostic markers for non-pregnancy in clinical settings.