Abstract
For the first time, the possibility of replacing carbon black and stearic acid with waste from the fat and oil industry (diatomite, bleached clay) is investigated. The value of the conditional tensile strength for vulcanizates containing stearic acid is 8,26 MPa, and for the studied vulcanizates containing selected clay, it is in the range of 7,88-8,39 MPa, for those containing diatomite is 7,88-8,43 MPa. The elongation at break for the studied vulcanizates containing selected clay increases from 280% to 300%, for those containing diatomite is from 280 to 297%. A hardness according Shore is found for the studied ones containing selected clay and diatomite in the range of 64-71 conv.units, for the reference rubber of 63 conv.units.The conducted studies show that the conditional strength and tear resistance decrease when carbon black is replaced with selected clay, as well as diatomite, but the indicators remain within the permissible limits for this rubber. The main role in enhancing the regenerate is played by caoutchouc. Therefore, carbon black and stearic acid can be replaced with less active, but cheaper and environmentally friendly ingredients. Extended physico-mechanical tests of experimental rubbers led to the conclusion that is most expedient to use waste from the fat-and-oil industry in the formulation of rubber mixtures for the manufacture of under-rail laying of railway tracks, since when using waste from the fat-and-oil industry, the properties of rubbers practically do not change, comply with control standards.