Evaluating the COVID-19 Vaccines Effectiveness in Patients Hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Infections

Yevgeniya Li, Bakhyt Kosherova, Yerzhan Zhunussov, Gheorghe Plăcintă

2023

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DOI 10.54500/2790-1203-2023-4-119-10-15
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

The pandemic of the COVID-19 coronavirus infection, which is caused by a new strain of coronavirus – SARS-CoV-2, has caused a rapid increase in the number of cases and high mortality worldwide. Comorbid patients are the most vulnerable group with a particularly high risk of adverse outcomes. The widespread introduction of vaccination helps to reduce the severity of the course and complications of a new coronavirus infection. The purpose of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of vaccines against COVID-19 in patients hospitalized with a comorbid background and a severe course of the disease. Methods. Analysis and analysis of previously published studies by foreign and domestic authors, statistical analysis of medical records of 212 patients undergoing inpatient treatment with SARI. Results. In the course of the conducted analysis in the group of vaccinated patients, despite the fact that initially all were comparable with each other in terms of the severity of lung tissue damage, as well as the presence of concomitant pathology, the severe course of the disease and deaths amounted to 7%. They were discharged for further observation at the outpatient stage with an improvement of 93% of patients. Whereas in unvaccinated patients the mortality rate was 16.1%, 83.9% of patients were discharged with improvement. The duration of hospitalization in vaccinated patients was much shorter, averaging 7 days, whereas in non-vaccinated patients hospitalization lasted 12 days. Conclusions. According to the conducted research, the Russian Sputnik-V showed a statistical advantage. A negative trend of severe disease course was revealed among unvaccinated patients with a comorbid background.The results obtained allow us to assess the high importance of vaccination to reduce the lethal outcomes of COVID-19.