Abstract
The isolation of fungi from lichens, the study of their properties and the determination of their biological activity make an actual contribution to the production of a new antibiotic by the pharmaceutical industry. During the research, 22 lichen samples were collected. When determining the type of lichens, the characteristics of their growth were taken into account and the morphological identification was made according to the description of the monograph by Wang (2012). 19 fungal isolates were isolated from the core apothecia of lichen samples. Purified isolates were identified by detecting fungal DNA using PCR. These isolates were saprophytes, phytopathogens, pathogens of endolichaine and symbiotic fungi. The antimicrobial properties of 19 species of identified fungi were determined against strains of Escherichia coli 25922 B-RKM 0447, Staphylococcus aureus 6538 — RKM 0470, Serratia marcescens В-RKM 0832 and antifungal activity against Candidae albicans 885–653, 8 active types were identified: Chaetomum globosum, Trichoderma atroviride, Fungal sp, Coniochaeta ligniaria, Trichoderma harzianum, Hypocrea lixii, Daldinia loculata, Trichoderma viride, Neurospora tetraspora. The obtained extracts against the strains S. marcescens, E. coli, St. aureus, C. albicans showed an average sensitivity of 15±0.2 – 23±0.5.