Abstract
This work focuses on the MC1R gene as a key genetic element influencing the variation in wool color in Kazakh sheep. Our research aims to pinpoint the specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) g.361G>A and g.218T>A inside this gene and examine their impact on pigmentation. This acknowledges the gene’s significant contribution in several sheep breeds worldwide. We detected the presence of these SNPs by partial genome sequencing and focused SNP analysis. We also examined their connection to coat color diversity, a trait that has important implications for breed aesthetics, consumer preferences, and adaptability to various settings. Our research significantly enhances the understanding of genetic diversity and evolutionary adaptation in sheep. Furthermore, it provides unique insights for breeding techniques that attempt to optimize the properties of wool color. This study’s findings emphasize the intricate interplay between genetics and environmental adaptation in Kazakh sheep. The global sheep genetic variety database is enhanced, contributing to sustainable agriculture and textile production methods.