Abstract
The article presents the morphotypic features revealed in the root systems of pine and birch trees growing in the forest ecosystems of the Chaldai forestry state forest nature reserve "Irtysh forest". In connection with the need to study the mycorrhization of seedlings of coniferous and broad-leaved tree species in forestry, it is established that it arises as a way to improve the quality of planting material. The analysis of the research results showed that the natural process of mycorrhization in the forest ecosystem has a positive effect on the morphotypic features of root systems and the growth of seedlings. It was established that the mycorrhizal morphotype acted more effectively on broad-leaved trees than on conifers in the first year of growth. Morphotypical signs of underground root systems of pine and birch saplings in these territories make up a total of 249 types of biodiversity. Sample areas were laid out from different types of forests. The total number of 249, pine saplings- 133, 116 birch hanging – 116. Signs of the mycorrhizal morphotype Pinus sylvestris L. dichotomous and irregular forms, rarely pyramidal and sympodial. Betula pendula Roth. the most common morphotypes are simple, dichotomous, and rarely sympodial.