Abstract
CO 2 flooding is currently a popular method employed for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The initial mention of utilizing CO 2 as an injection gas to enhance oil production dates back to 1916, although its economic feasibility was not established until the 1950s. Initially, alternative gases such as propane, liquefied petroleum gas, and natural gas were utilized, but CO 2 emerged as a more cost-effective and efficient option. The first CO 2 flooding project commenced in 1964, followed by a larger-scale project in 1972. Subsequently, successful CO 2 flood implementations have been witnessed in diverse regions including the United States, Canada, Hungary, Turkey, Trinidad, and Brazil. Among these, the United States stands out with 67 operational CO 2 flood projects, while other countries face challenges such as limited infrastructure and sources. To date, over 100 EOR projects involving CO 2 flooding have been recorded. This publication presents a comprehensive overview of international experiences and methodologies pertaining to the application of CO 2 flooding for enhancing oil production efficiency. Furthermore, it emphasizes the potential projects and applications of this technology within the context of Kazakhstan.