Abstract
Plants of sage genus ( Salvia L.) have been extensively used in folk medicine for the relief of pain, protecting the body against oxidative stress, free radical damages, angiogenesis, inflammation, bacterial and virus infection [ 1 ]. Polyphenolic compounds, essential oils and polysaccharides are traditionally considered responsible for the pharmacological action of sage [ 2 ], [ 3 ]. In Kazakhstan, two species, namely desert and clary sage are the most notable, however, scarely studied. As a result of our scientific-research work (under the project AP09563397, MES RK, 2021), the quality of plant material, optimal technologies for obtaining substances using conventional (maceration) and ultrasound-assisted extraction, component analysis together with storage regime were jointly established for the first time. Tests for extract with higher immunomodulatory activity for acute toxicity, phagocytic activity of macrophages, analysis using flow cytometry, determination of levels of cytokines and antibodies, histomorphological analysis have been carried out. The hydrophobic fraction, fractions of condensed tannins and polysaccharides were isolated, and their composition was determined. It was established in particular that the maximum yield of a complex of biologically active compounds (extract) from clary sage by maceration was achieved when grinded (3 mm) plant material was extracted with 50% ethyl alcohol at a ratio of the selected extragent to the raw material equal to 1 : 10 within 24 hours. Based on the data obtained in vitro studies, it was shown that even at higher concentrations, sage extracts do not cause a significant toxic effect on human fibroblasts. Two of the extracts are suitable for preclinical tests on inflammation. Publication History Article published online: 12 December 2022 © 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany