Abstract
The article analyzes the terms"intelligence"and"intellectual development". Philosophical, psychologicaland pedagogical literature was studied in the course of the research.The conclusions of World Teachers Socrates, Plato, and Al-Farabi about thinking were given, and the ideas of World philosophers were discussed. The analysis of the theory of thinking and reason considered in the works of famous foreign scientists-psychologists R.B. Kettell, G.Y. Eisenk, Fr. Galton and J. Piaget were carried out.The famous Soviet scientist S. L. Rubinstein, explaining the nature of intelligence within the framework of the theory of thought, described it in connection with the development, continuity of psychic living nature.The systematic methodological direction of biological intelligence, social intelligence, and psychometric intelligence was guided by the well-known scientist G. Y. Aizenk, who formulated several directions of the concept of intelligence. A full-fledged explanation of the concept of" intelligence " was given, a number of special conclusions were analyzed for the development of a person's mental abilities, thinking operations, and discovery skills.