Abstract
Relevance: Despite a high survival with localized prostate cancer, metastatic prostate cancer remains virtually incurable even after intensive multimodal therapy. Death in advanced stages of the disease is caused by the lack of therapeutic regimens able to produce a long-term tumor reaction due to its extreme genetic and cellular heterogeneity. According to epidemiological studies, a family history of prostate cancer significantly increases the risk. Clinical diagnosis is often based on a single biopsy made to determine the molecular status of a particular cancer case. Pathological and genomic heterogeneity can lead to bias in diagnosis. Therefore, the use of genetic research technologies is highly relevant. The purpose wasto justify the use of genetic profiling technologies for patients with prostate cancer. Results: Many cases lack an understanding of the multifactorial impact of current treatment methods on the patient’s immune system. Combination therapy efficacy and tolerability depend on the choice of an optimal treatment regimen. Approaches to prioritizing the types of combination therapy should be developed. Cancer genome affects the disease course and progression. Simulation of these interactions in a genetic model allows predicting the treatment outcome and effectiveness. Conclusions: The conducted systematic review shows that a deep understanding of prostate cancer biology and genetics and genetic profiling can save and improve the lives of many patients with serious diseases.