Abstract
The philological analysis of a literary text is based on literary and linguistic investigations. Any element of the philological analysis is significant in a literary text. Though a lesser researched area of his work, the flash fiction of Chingiz Aitmatov for the first time reflected many themes and motives that were further developed in the genre of the novel. The problem-conceptual analysis of his stories and essays, the originality of style and poetics – lead to the comprehension of the creative personality of the writer. At the center of our literary research are the stories Aitmatov devoted to the Great Patriotic War, one of the main topics of literature of the twentieth century. The leading theme in them is the love of the motherland. The problems of the heroic principle in the typical character, the internal moral strength of the hero are most strongly, figuratively and accurately revealed in the flash fiction of Aitmatov, which is characterized by deep psychologism, attention to details and the inner world of the characters. For the philological analysis of the text, the genre of the work, architectonics, narrative structure and intertextual relations are of particular importance.