Abstract
Oil production and transportation is a source of a large amount of waste. These wastes include oil sludge. The composition of these oil sludge, in addition to oil components, includes elements of natural radionuclides. The level of soil contamination with oil is caused by adverse effects on the plant, mainly changes in its physical and chemical properties (hydrophobic increase, filling of soil capillaries with oil) and direct toxic effects of toxic components contained in oil. The positive effect of sowing plants on oil-polluted soils is explained by the fact that the plant uses petroleum hydrocarbons as an additional food and improves the gas-air regime of polluted soils, while enriching it with various active additives, which ultimately stimulates the growth of the number of microorganisms and, accordingly, accelerates the decomposition of oil and petroleum products. The influence of waste containing petroleum components and elements of natural radionuclides on soil conditions and reduction of radioactivity by local sorbents was studied