Abstract
Considering in close interconnection the development of the world economy and geopolitics of this period, we see new objective needs for the development of the economic potential of Kazakh-Russian relations, social transformation, social movements and new functions of the state. In the 19th century, important changes began, both in the Russian Empire and in the Steppe region. Such basic features of capitalism as private property, market relations, profit, competition, freedom of choice of economic decisions have become widespread. The scale of trends in historical development changed, which were determined by the internal laws of the system: the emerging world market, the world economy, changing functions of the state. The development of the international economy was spurred by the opening of new routes for trade, especially the Central Asian region, the redistribution of colonial territories, the need for resources and ever new and diverse industrial goods. External and internal markets of the steppe region and the Russian Empire became interdependent.