Abstract
In recent years, much attention has been paid to the problems of identity in science. Given the direction of our research, the main purpose of our article was a sociological analysis of civic identity. Currently, among scientists the question of the relationship of different types of identity is of interest. The main direction of the national policy of any state is the formation of national and civil identity. The article analyzes the theoretical foundations of the concepts of “identity”, “civil identity”, the theories of well-known sociologists and mechanisms of formation of civil identity in modern societies. It also examines the study of the main determinants and the relationship of these findings for a long time had a scientific interest in a number of Humanities. In modern society, the problem of identity has not lost its relevance, on the contrary, interest in this problem has strengthened its position. This led not only to a deep understanding of the theoretical foundations of the study of identity problems, but also to the search for new approaches to the study of their important aspects. The article presents the views of well-known Western and American sociologists and social psychologists, globalists, namely Z. Bauman, E. Toffler, S. Huntington, I. Hoffman, E. Erickson, Z. Freud, E. Giddens, as well as Rogers Brubaker, who has recently been known for his views. Key words: identity, civic identity, globalization, postmodernism, individualism. fundamentalism, cosmopolitism.