Abstract
The article deals with the place and role of Turkestan in history as a center of spiritual, cultural and economic trade of the Turkic peoples with a long history. In this Turkestan is the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, the pearl of medieval architectural art.At each stage of the history of the city studied K. Baipakov, M. Masson, S. Adilgireev, E. Smagulov, M. Tuyakbay, M. T. Kozha B. the analysis was carried out on the basis of the works of archaeologists. The city served as the capital of the Kazakh khanate for more than two centuries, where the best Kazakh tribes were buried. The uniqueness of the cultural heritage on the territory of the city was given the characteristic of the state of the historical and memorial complex of Yasawi and monuments around it. The history of construction of underground mosques kulula Komsic and Aulie-ATA. The historical analysis of the history of the spiritual capital of the Turkic world of Turkestan was carried out. New approaches in the process of determining the age were covered by the city of Turkestan, unknown openly demonstrated some aspects of the history of the cityDuring the writing of the article various sources, scientific works, materials on the pages of the press, works written on the basis of archival data and published on the basis of materials of archaeological excavations were considered. The article analyzes the features of the history and historical monuments of Turkestan using the method of historical analysis and comparison.