Abstract
Lung cancer is leading cause of mortality from cancer diseases in Kazakhstan. Like most cancer, lung cancer has a multifactorial nature of origin. In its pathogenesis, an important role is played by both genetic/epigenetic changes in the cell. The change in the epigenetic landscape can be associated primarily with the change in the profile of the microRNA. microRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in the regulation of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNA controls many biological processes, including proliferation, growth and cells’ survival. To date, a large amount of evidence has been accumulated about the involvement of microRNA in the carcinogenesis of various malignant neoplasias, including lung cancer. Thus, microRNAs on the one hand can be markers of the oncological process, on the other hand markers of the impact of adverse environmental factors. In this connection, a comparative analysis of circulating miRs was conducted in a group of patients diagnosed with lung cancer and a control group without lung pathology.