Abstract
The main purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of migration on the ethnic composition of the population of Central Asia in the late twentieth and early twentieth centuries. Comprehension of the migration processes in the context of changing the ethnic structure of the population of the region and its constituent states (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan) and the development of world migration trends was conducted using a set of theoretical and methodological principles and approaches in science: historicism, objectivity, comprehensive consideration of the relationship and the interdependence of historical phenomena, historical-comparative, historical-typological, historical-areal methods. Together, these methods made it possible to give a generalized description of the changes in the ethnic composition of the population of the Central Asian region, to identify local variations and their qualitative characteristics. The result of the study was the identification of the main signs of the current migration situation in the region.