Abstract
The article discusses the issues of sustainable development of Kazakhstan’s oil and gas complex, which is one of the strategic components of real economic independence of the country; Forecasts of the structure of the world fuel balance for the future are considered. The general trend of development of the modern oil industry in the world is disclosed. It is described as one of the main branches of the economy of Kazakhstan. It is noted that the oil and gas complex has specific features that enhance the intensity of man-made impact in environmental pollution. From the point of view of the system approach, the main fundamental requirements for the development strategy of the oil and gas complex are considered and the most important directions and parameters of development of the oil and gas complex of Kazakhstan are shown. The policy in the oil and gas sector is focused on preserving the long-term export potential of the sector. It will be built on the basis of a balance between profitability and risks of extraction and use of oil and gas reserves, revenues from the sale of hydrocarbon resources and the necessary investments in infrastructure development. The article substantiates a provision that determines that the key moment is the consideration of macroeconomic determinants, reflecting the fact that the higher the country’s dependence on the state of the mineral resource base, the more attention it should be paid to the state.