Heat convection at the density maximum point of water

2017

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DOI 10.1088/1361-6552/aa8970
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Abstract Water exhibits a maximum in density at normal pressure at around 4° degree temperature. This paper demonstrates that during cooling, at around 4 °C, the temperature remains constant for a while because of heat exchange associated with convective currents inside the water. Superficial approach implies it as a new anomaly of water, but actually it is not.