Abstract
The chemical composition of the reproductive organs of Echinops albicaulis endemic plants, growing in the territory of Kazakhstan were studied. It was established that potassium and magnesium are dominate in the macroelements of seeds and the inflorescences. Zinc and manganese in the microelements of seeds, and copper and iron in inflorescences. The content of heavy metals: cadmium and lead does not exceed the maximum allowable norms for all samples. There were identified indices of raw materials' purity, humidity indicator corresponds to "not more than 10%", total ash – "not more than 10%", ash insoluble in 10% HCl – "not more than 4%," these data are given in the normative and technical documentation. The impact of labor relations have been studied to optimize the extraction process of biologically active substances such as: raw materials – solvent, extraction time and temperature. Among all tested, 50% ethanol extractant was optimal (in a ratio of raw material: extractant is 1: 6, 1: 8, 3 days at room temperature), as in these conditions to 30% of biologically active substances was extracted. In the studied samples of plants for quantitative content of amino acids proline, alanine, glutamic and aspartic acid are diminant. According to quantitative content of fatty acids dominated: pentadecanoic, palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. According to quantitative content of vitamins, vitamin A is dominant. According to quantitative content of BAV in Echinops albicaulis seeds alkaloids, flavonoids, antrahinons are dominant.