Cervical cancer in the Semey region, Kazakhstan: incidence and mortality in 2008-2012

Gulnar Metallovna Shalgumbayeva, Yuliya M. Semenova, Assel Zh. Baibussinova, Marzhan Dauletyarova, A Tlemisov, A M Grjibovski

2013

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DOI 10.1093/eurpub/ckt123.063
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Background Cancer cervix is the second most common cancer among women. Association between radiation and cancerogenesis is well-established. Semey (former Semipalatinsk) is a town adjacent to the Soviet nuclear tests site in Kazakstan. However, little is known about epidemiology of cancer in this region. Objective: To study the incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in Semey, Kazakhsan in 2008-2012. Methods Data on all cases of cervical cancer that occurred in the town of Semey during the study period were obtained from the Semey Regional Cancer Registry. Population size was obtained from the Regional Bureau of Statistics. Standard World Population was used for calculation of the age standardized mortality and incidence rates. Results Altogether, 365 primary cases of cervical cancer were registered during the study period. The incidence increased from 10.0 per 100,000 in 2008 to 13.2 per 100,000 in 2012. Most cases occurred in age-group 40-44 years (19.5%) followed by 35-39 years (16.2%) and 50-54 years old (13.2%). Mortality rate increased from 4.7 in 2008 to 7.2 in 2012. Most women who died from cervical cancer belonged to age-group 70-74 years (12.4%) followed by age-groups 40-44 years (11.1%) and 50-54 years (11.1%). Conclusions Both incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in Semey, East Kazakhstan increased in recent years. Both indicators exceed the average for Eastern Kazakhstan region and the whole country. This might be partly explained by either delayed effects of nuclear tests performed at Semipalatinsk test site or by other factors, which will be discussed. Key message Both incidence of and mortality from cervical cancer in Semey, East Kazakhstan increased in recent years.