Abstract
Toponymic names are closely related to society, human life, the language and history of the people, its centuries-old culture, religion, and political life. Therefore, names of place are one of the most significant issues of any nation. The process of giving names to land, water, and locality is one of the main processes of the people's creativity, which has its own national and linguistic features and is continuously ongoing. Kazakh geographical names are very expressive and colorful. Toponyms are constantly replenished and renewed, they served the needs of the past society, they serve the modern society in a comprehensive way, and at the same time, they will serve future generations as a continuation of history. One of the ways to comprehend and study national history is historical toponyms. Revealing the mystery of the origin of the names of places and water opens up a wide path not only to the knowledge of the nation’s history, but also to know the the deep layers of the history of the region. The local names are based on historical events experienced by the people, and preserved legends and stories about historical figures of each period, reflecting its source character. Historical toponyms, toponymic legends are considered especially one of the artistic components of historical works. The artist firmly preserves the historical chronotope when writing an event of a known historical period in his work. He creatively uses the history of the names of place-waters, a landscape image in the people's memory. Examples of this are characteristic of the works of many famous writers. The article studies the names of the waters and lower reaches of the Syr Darya and the coast of the Aral Sea in the cycle of historical novels by Z. Shukurov "Syr boyi", their origin, toponymic legends in the mouths of the country and their relationship to historical reality.