Abstract
This article considers anti-communist uprisings and famine of the early 1920s in Kazakhstan as interrelated phenomena, largely due to the policy of the Bolsheviks in the economic, political, social and spiritual spheres of society. Despite the fact that these events in the Soviet state were preceded by the First World and Civil War, involving foreign intervention, sanctions from the United States and the Entente countries, unfavorable natural and climatic conditions were the main cause of the socio-economic and political cataclysms of 1920-1922 was anti-people policy of the Bolsheviks and methods of its implementation. On the basis of archival materials introduced into scientific circulation, the uprisings of the early 1920s on the territory of Kazakhstan are covered, which are associated with the causes and extent of the famine of this period. It is concluded that it was the of the Bolshevik policy that provoked the mass protest movement of the peasants of the early 1920s, its support from other social groups, and its brutal suppression. The destruction of the working-age agricultural male population during the fighting and repression by the Soviet State contributed to the escalation of the hunger and led to severe demographic consequences.