Abstract
The performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are determined by a number of factors including the quality of perovskite absorber, types of the carrier transports layers and the interfacial quality between the perovskite thin film and carrier transport layers. This work demonstrates effective fabrication strategies focusing on the mixed perovskites and electron transport layers (ETLs). A novel cryogenic-assisted technique is used to grow high-quality mixed perovskite thin films. The performance of PSCs based on SnO2ETL is found to be more promising compared to the commonly used TiO2, in terms of power conversion efficiency (PCE) and light stability. To achieve hysteresis-free PSCs, the architecture of the electron transport layers should be also carefully optimized.