Abstract
The contemporary landscape of protein processing is witnessing a paradigm shift propelled by innovative technologies. This review unveils innovations in protein processing through the lens of an ultrasound-assisted approach. The focus was on the interplay between ultrasound waves and proteins during ultrasound extraction technology. The realm of protein extraction, where traditional methods face challenges and ultrasound emerges as a transformative force, was highlighted, as well as ultrasound's role in enhancing protein yield and quality in relationship to protein structure and function. Comparative analyses have showcased the remarkable advancements ushered in by ultrasound-assisted techniques, and this review also extends to enzymatic hydrolysis, where ultrasound catalyses reactions, unlocking new dimensions in the production of bioactive peptides and nutritionally enriched proteins. In the bio-industrial sectors, ultrasound facilitates protein refolding and revolutionises recombinant protein production, stability and bioavailability. Ultrasound has emerged as a catalyst for efficiency and bioactivity enhancement, defeating conventional limitations to the intricate optimisation strategies of refolding. This review envisages the advantages of ultrasound technology and its applications in the bio-industrial sector. The prospects of ultrasound-assisted protein processing are outlined, and roadmaps and processing techniques are offered.