Abstract
This article is about one of the main areas of the PISA international study reading literacy. The principles of reading literacy, its aspects of assessment (format of the material, type of tasks, purpose of using the text), peculiarities of the reading literacy task, kinds and rules of reading are comprehensively explained. The components of reading literacy - situation, text, aspect are discussed in the work. We get information about categories of situations (reading for personal use, reading for public use, reading for knowledge and reading for teaching), text forms and types, aspect areas (Finding information. Broad comprehension. Developing interpretation. Showing and evaluating the content of the text. Display the text form). The author focuses on the concepts of "interpretation" and "hermeneutics", which are used to interpret the text. Asking questions correctly, understanding their content and answering according to the requirements is very essential in the learning and teaching process. We can find information regarding of those questions’ classification in the article. We make sure that the choice of resources and text, and the transformation of the task has their own meaning in stimulating the readers' interest in reading. At the same time, the article provides features of the methodology of teaching reading to students, effective methods of improving reading literacy. Examples from the researches of scientists are given and practices are guided. The author offers methods of reading and describes the technique of conducting them perfectly. The main idea of the theories of native, Russian and foreign researchers is discussed.