Abstract
The relevance of the topic lies in the fact that the study of breeding lines of various ecological origins is of paramount importance for breeding. When selecting breeding material, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of soil and climatic conditions. For the sharply continental climate of Northern Kazakhstan, one of the most important characteristics of the variety for obtaining a high yield is the duration of the growing season and interphase periods. This article presents the results of a study of a line of spring soft wheat with a high adaptive ability: high productivity, early maturity, resistance to pathogens and endurance to environmental stress. The experiments were laid in the Kokshetau Experimental Production Farm LLP in 2021-2022. Agrotechnics adopted for the zone. The predecessor is pure steam. The sowing period is May 22-23, the seeding rate is 3.0 million. germinating seeds per 1 ha. 13 lines of spring soft wheat of medium-ripened and medium-early ripeness groups were studied. The yield, the elements of its structure and the duration of the growing season were determined according to the methodology of the state variety testing. The studied lines are valuable for practical breeding of spring soft wheat varieties. The growing season of the variety is not constant, but varies depending on both the climatic conditions of the zone and the year of cultivation. The duration of vegetation mainly depends on the temperature and water regime. At the same time, the duration of the growing season from sowing to earing closely depends on the sum of the average daily temperatures, the duration of grain filling, and also on the humidification conditions. According to our research, the lines were distinguished by an elongated tillering period, and «shoots-earing» (37-46 days), and shortened – «earing-ripening» (38-39 days).