Abstract
This study compared place names of Scotland and Kazakhstan, and explored their etymology by means of analyzing their word structure, and by considering toponymic legends related to these particular toponyms. The data of the study are 42 place names (20 Scottish, and 22 Kazakh place names). Using a range of theories and methodologies from folklore studies, linguistics, history, and cultural anthropology, the article identifies common themes, motifs, and narrative structures present in the legends. The analysis reveals several themes that appear in both Scottish and Kazakh toponymic legends, including heroism, bravery and selflessness, remembrance, history and tradition, taboo, respect for ancestors and beliefs, and the idea of sacrifice. Comparative study of motifs in folklore helps understand the similarities and differences between cultures. The narrative structures of toponymic legends in Scotland and Kazakhstan tend to be short and exciting, highlighting the influence of various cultures and languages. Overall, the article provides observations into the societies and cultures in which these legends originated, as well as the ways in which these stories were passed down and preserved over time, and suggests a historical connection between Scotland and Kazakhstan.