Abstract
The purpose of the study is to determine the prospects and difficulties of Kazakhstan’s energy transition , as well as to analyze the direction of development of the electric power sector to overcome the difficulties that have developed today . The global trends of transition to a carbon-free economy , the foundation for which was laid during the crisis of 2008, are currently being strengthened under the influence of two factors . Firstly , the fact of climate change as a result of anthropogenic impact is recognized by the world community . Secondly , the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has pushed many states , investors , as well as private companies to more actively implement decarbonization strategies . This is not only due to concern about increasing environmental problems . Decarbonization and energy transition can become an effective tool for stimulating economic development through the development of technology , attracting investment and creating new jobs . The analysis of the consequences of the considered trend for Kazakhstan is carried out . It is shown that the country’s strategic documents reflect a cautious approach based on plans to increase hydrocarbon exports . However , we believe that maintaining this approach is fraught with a number of economic and political risks . According to the results of the study , the importance of developing comprehensive strategic approaches aimed at leveling the identified risks is emphasized , and specific proposals for the implementation of a gradual energy transition in Kazakhstan are formulated .