Abstract
Abstract The involvement of natural radicals in single-electron processes of cell activity is considered. It was shown that coenzymes that have intermediate free radical quinoid and semichinoid forms can interact with carotenoids to form complexes with a charge transfer with an absorption band of 1030 nm. Moreover, the complex can perform an active light-harvesting function during photosynthesis up to 1100 nm, with the energy transfer from chlorophylls a and b to the complex. Studies of the sorption of the alcoholdehydrogenase–nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide enzyme–cofactor system on a hydrophobic electrically conductive carrier showed that the activity of the enzyme–cofactor system is at its maximum for sequential sorption of the coenzyme and then the apoenzyme. The orientation of the biocatalytic system on the immobilization matrix is of great importance.