Abstract
Spectrophotometry as a method is based on the transmission of radiation through the studied sample of registration of scattered radiation. It is shown that the wide functionality of the spectrophotometry method is not fully used in medical diagnostics in vivo. To describe the registered radiation scattered in the opposite direction, the morphological features of cells and tissues were analyzed and the corresponding simplified mathematical solution of the scattering problem based on the refractive index, shape and size of the studied cells and their organelles was selected. the sensitivity of formulas to each parameter is considered. the dependence of the transport scattering coefficient on the anatomical characteristics of the tissue structure at the cellular level is revealed. In modern technical implementation, the method allows to quantify such optical parameters as the absorption coefficient of the transport scattering coefficient, which reflect, respectively, the component composition of chromophores and the value of the integrated absorption of biological tissue.