Abstract
At present, in the post-COVID time in the global world, the issue of studying the national and cultural specifics of the worldview of speakers of different languages continues to be relevant. The authors of the article emphasize that phraseological units play a special role in the verbalization of the picture of the world, the meanings of which are closely related to the background knowledge of native speakers, the cultural and historical traditions of the people and the life experience of the individual. In their opinion, there are a large number of studies of phraseological units in which phraseology is considered as a cultural code of the nation, the meaning of phraseological units is specified. Also, it is noted that in existing works the problem of phraseologism and linguistic personality is posed and substantiated, the functioning of phraseological units in a literary text is determined, linguistic and individual author’s phraseological units are distinguished, the pragmatic aspect of the study of phraseological units, their metaphorical nature, cognitive aspect, linguocultural and linguocultural nature of phraseological units are highlighted. and others. In this article, the authors consider phraseological units of different system languages, in particular, vector aspects, semantic content, universal and specific properties, undoubtedly associated with the national and cultural specifics of the worldview of the languages considered by the authors. In the article, the authors present the results of free associative and receptive experiments, on the basis of which they draw conclusions about the need to develop a special system of exercises to study the vector aspects of phraseological units.