Abstract
Education is one of the movements of a person towards self-realization as a biological and cultural being. The dialectic of these "pillars" of his being forms tasks at a specific stage of individual, group and human development. At the same time, two ways of understanding can be distinguished as two ways of connecting, paths, between oppositions: "inversion" and "mediation". Inversion is the logic of non-reflective throwing between the poles-absolutes, ignoring the meaning-forming "middle". It is very typical for Russian culture. Mediation is the logic of creative search, finding and realizing a new meaning between the poles, not typical for Russian culture. Inversion creates a "historical trap" of adaptation to the split, the collapse of culture, into which Russia has fallen for centuries of almost total ignorance of some and the arbitrariness of others.