Abstract
The formation of the technological potential of soft wheat grain depends on a large number of factors, of which very important of varietal features are of the greatest importance, which is confirmed by the high yield of flour of higher grades, the high correlation coefficient between accumulation of protein and varietal peculiarities at the level of 0.83. In a holistic system of increasing the technological potential of soft wheat grain, proposed by the author1, the variety of wheat had the largest share of influence among the eight factors studied. In view of such a significant influence of the variety on the formation of TP, the first step in determining measures to increase TP should be to identify promising grades of soft wheat of Kazakhstan breeding, for which the microstructure of wheat grain was studied with the latest methods, using modern microscopy. Structural elements of cellular tissues of anatomical parts of wheat grain, different mosaic of microstructure of cells, their connection represent a picture that predetermines the quality and, in general, the perspective of the grain variety in its intended use. In view of this, the microstructure of the 7 most common varieties of summer and winter soft wheat of Kazakhstan was determined using an analytical scanning electron microscope JSM-7500 F. Investigations of grain microstructure were conducted for the first time in interrelation with the complex of indicators of technological value (TD) selected from 16 wheat quality indicators according to the principle of the least degree of multicollience, i.e., mutual influence, and combined into one TP index. The obtained results of the studies made it possible to quantify the features of the microstructure of the anatomical parts of wheat and to link them to the TD values of the grain. Thus, it was found that the protein content in the grain increases with the increase in the size of the starch granules, with the content of the smallest granules increases, the protein content decreases. Thus, certain interrelations between the TP index and the microstructure of soft wheat grains of the studied varieties have revealed the most promising varieties of Kazakh wheat.