Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive examination of the physical and mechanical properties of cover soils characteristic of the landslide slopes of Ak Kain, Kok Tobe, and Shym Bulak of the Trans-Ili Alatau, which are located in close proximity to the borders and in the city of Almaty itself.By analyzing previous known landslides in the region, and of a similar type in some countries, the authors identify three main reasons for the occurrence of a landslide on these mountain slopes.These include the water saturation of slope cover soils absorbed during spring rainfall, as well as technogenic and gravitational reasons.The authors conclude that landslides are often caused by soil water saturation.Therefore, it is proposed to consider slope soils as a two-phase medium.The algorithm for determining the physical and mechanical properties of two-phase soil is generalized, and specific calculations are performed based on the considered methods and algorithms.The results obtained for some types of loose soils, such as sandy loam, loam and clay varieties, are given in a systematic form in the tables, which are necessary for an extensive study of the mechanisms of occurrence of landslide processes in water-saturated soils of these slopes through stress-strain state determination.