Evaluating the effectiveness of a screening program for cardiovascular diseases in Kazakhstan

Zhanagul Bekbergenova, G Derbissalina, A Umbetzhanova, Vitaliy Koikov, Gulnara Bedelbayeva

2019

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DOI 10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.229
Data confidence 70 medium
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Abstract

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) occupy leading positions in the mortality of the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). In RK CVD screening is performed with 40-years of age. Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of screening over time. Methods We conducted a survey of 121 patients with CVD, identified on screening. Results The average age patients in survey-54.3 [95% CI: 52.64;55.96], of which 38% are men and 62%-women. Fact smoking mark 64 persons (52±8), alcohol-(37.2±11.6), family history-66 (54.5±8.1) daily physical activity-34 person (28.1±14.3). Middle systolic blood pressure (BP) is 144.3 [95% CI: 141.61;146.99] and diastolic BP 90.2 [95% CI: 89.02;91.38] mm.Hg. Most of the respondents have different degrees of obesity. The average BMI is 31.8 [95% CI: 30.93;32.67]. The average waist size is 89.1 [95% CI: 86.88;91.52], with the waist size of women over 80 cm (91.9 [89.03;94.77] and the waist size of men 86.1 [82.31; 89.89]. Mean values for total cholesterol of 5.9 [95% CI: 5.85;5.95]. To evaluate the effect of various factors on the increase in BP, we calculated the analysis of variance. According to our calculations, gender does not affect BP, however, age, BMI and waist size affect. We interviewed patients for complaints, analyzed outpatient cards, a check-up journal: chest pains or interruptions in the heart during exercise are noted by 25 people (20.7±17.5), improvement of the subjective state-29 (24±15.9), regularly receive basic therapy-59 (48.8±9.1), call the ambulance team-43 (35.5±12), are urgently hospitalized for a year-31 (25.6±15.2) and 7 person participate in the school of CVD. There is a statistically significant relationship between gender and smoking, gender and alcohol, gender and regular intake of basic therapy at a significance level of p < 0.05. Conclusions Identifying the low effectiveness of CVD screening over time requires the revision of a comprehensive training program for doctors-nurses and the public. Key messages Patients in Kazakhstan generally do not change their lifestyle after screening for a disease. The effectiveness of the screening depends on the teamwork of the doctor, nurse and patient.