Abstract
This paper reflects the activities of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in ensuring human and social security within the context of the latest threats. Recent geopolitical trends highlight the statement of the problem as it may influence the evolution of the organization, in particular, its fight against destructive elements. The paper focuses on the implications of the SCO for ensuring human and social security in its area of activities including Afghanistan due to its geographical proximity with Central Asia. It argues that the SCO’s activities of ensuring human and social security will eventually turn the organization into a security organization. It has been discovered that the perceived notion about the availability of information in abundance concerning SCO is far from the truth. There is, in fact, a scarcity of evidence base. Therefore, in addition to the authentic available sources, the results of the surveys conducted among domestic and foreign experts by the authors have been used in this paper in order to substantiate the arguments.