Abstract
Increase wheat yields by improving its genotype – one of the most urgent problems of the rural economy. At present, using traditional methods of selection and genetic studies, such as backcross selection, distant hybridization, experimental mutagenesis, increased efficiency of obtaining genetically modified and improved forms of wheat. Thehigh content of mono phosphorus (H3PO4, 5%) leads to a weak mutagenic effect, and its 0.1% concentration promotes the development of plants biomass. Fertility rates of soft wheat hybrids crosses with wild species (Т. timopheevii, Т. dicoccum and T. kiharae) depend on the direction of crossing and genotypes of initial varieties. Wild species as the parent component positively affect the high percentage of grain fertility. Genome of Nadezhda variety is compatible with genomes of wild species [1, 2].