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2008
It is built from checkable properties of the record itself: whether the article has a DOI, how many independent sources confirmed its data, whether the required fields are filled in, and how recent the latest confirmation is. Disagreement between sources and a missing identifier lower it. A value of 80 or above means the record was published without further checking; 60 to 79 means it is published at reduced confidence, with a manual check advisable. A record verified by an editor by hand is never pushed below 90 by a recalculation. This scores our data about the article, not the article itself.
The phase formation and kinetics of metal reduction upon the interaction of natural iron-manganese tantalum niobates with carbon is studied using X-ray diffraction analysis, electron probe microanalysis, and thermogravimetry. The reducibility of the minerals increases in the series wodginite-tantalite-columbite. Reduction occurs in stages with the formation of niobium tapiolite and disordered tantalite and wodginite as intermediate phases.