Abstract
The rapid development of mineral water desalination technologies, particularly for pasture-based livestock farming in remote regions, has resulted in the generation of substantial volumes of highly concentrated brines and regenerating chemical solutions, the uncontrolled discharge of these waste streams poses serious environmental threats, including soil salinization and groundwater contamination, this study aims to develop and experimentally validate a sustainable technology for the disposal and reuse of brines and wash solutions produced during the desalination of mineralized water using a mobile reverse osmosis (RO) unit, to minimize environmental impacts, a comprehensive methodological framework combining analytical, experimental, functional, and statistical approaches was applied to identify weaknesses in existing desalination methods and to assess the performance of a vacuum evaporation system, the chemical composition of the treated mineral water was analyzed, and a bench-scale vacuum evaporator was designed and tested, the proposed process scheme for the mobile RO unit includes a vacuum evaporation module capable of achieving a vacuum of –0.7 bar and a heating temperature of up to 60 °C, enabling efficient brine concentration, regeneration of chemical solutions, complete liquid waste recycling, and recovery of dry residues, while returning distilled water to the desalination cycle, the developed technology can be applied for irrigation of remote pastures and to improve the environmental performance and cost efficiency of industrial water treatment systems.