Abstract
The high wind energy potential and the large number of remote settlements in Kazakhstan sustain interest in wind power installations. The vertical-axis cross-flow wind turbine is well adapted to local wind regimes, operating efficiently in the wind speed range of 3 to 30 m/s. However, conventional generator designs do not ensure optimal turbine loading across this range. This study explores the possibility of improving cross-flow wind turbine performance by replacing the conventional synchronous generator with a rectifier (SGR) with a synchronous generator featuring a multi-stage rectifier (SGMR), utilizing automotive alternators. The operating modes of the cross-flow wind turbine with SGMR were analyzed using a mathematical model developed in Excel. A physical modeling approach was proposed, where cross-flow wind turbines were simulated using DC motors, enabling investigation of generator behavior at wind speeds ranging from 3 to 26 m/s. Experimental tests on a physical setup demonstrated good agreement with the mathematical simulations. The influence of the number of rectifier stages, rated power, and rotational speed of the SGMR on cross-flow wind turbine performance was evaluated. Recommendations were developed for selecting optimal generator parameters for use with small-scale wind turbines. Model adequacy was confirmed by comparing the results of experimental studies of SGMR operating modes with the corresponding calculated data.