Abstract
ABSTRACT The pressing need for clean water and the limitations of conventional treatment technologies have spurred the development of multifunctional and energy‐efficient water purification systems. This study presents an innovative single‐stage electrochemical treatment system that integrates anodic oxidation with capacitive deionization (AO‐CDI) for the simultaneous removal of organic pollutants, heavy metals, and dissolved salts from wastewater. Unlike traditional multi‐unit approaches, this hybrid system combines a boron‐doped diamond (BDD) anode for hydroxyl radical‐driven oxidation with a carbon aerogel‐based CDI unit for targeted ion removal, offering a compact and scalable solution. Under optimized conditions (4.0 V, 60 min), the system achieved 98% chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction, 95% lead and 91% chromium removal, and 85% total dissolved solids (TDS) reduction. Microbial disinfection exceeded 99.5% for E. coli and total coliforms. Remarkably, these outcomes were attained with a total energy consumption of only 0.35 kWh/m 3 , outperforming many existing advanced oxidation processes. The results demonstrate the AO‐CDI system's potential as a sustainable and decentralized treatment platform, capable of addressing complex wastewater streams in an energy‐ and cost‐efficient manner.