Abstract
In the modern legal framework, this area requires not only the improvement of regulatory mechanisms but also a conceptual transformation of agricultural policy towards environmentally and socially oriented models. This article examines the system of international and national legal mechanisms aimed at regulating sustainable agricultural practices, including organic farming as an institutionalized form of the agroecological approach. The aim of the study is to provide a comprehensive legal analysis of existing regulatory frameworks governing sustainable agriculture in the context of the right to food and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. The study addresses the following objectives: to identify key international legal acts and institutional platforms ensuring global coordination in the field of food security; to analyze national approaches to the legal regulation of organic farming in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the People’s Republic of China; to identify structural legal barriers and deficiencies in the implementation of ecological requirements in the agricultural sector. The scientific novelty of the study lies in a multi-level (global and national) examination of law as a tool for agrarian transformation under complex challenges of food and environmental security.