Abstract
A particularly difficult environmental situation in the Aral Sea region poses a direct threat to public health. The decrease in the quality of health is directly related to sand dust rising from the bottom of the Aral Sea, which includes pesticides and heavy metals used in the processing of crops. The study of the molecular mechanisms of the influence of various factors on the body is one of the fundamental tasks of modern medicine. Exposure to harmful environmental factors can cause changes at the cellular and molecular levels. Scientists focus their attention on the study of extracellular nucleic acids and histone proteins to assess the extreme nature of external factors in ecological monitoring of the environment. Therefore, an experimental study of the influence of the dust-salt aerosol of the Aral Sea on epigenetic mechanisms, structural disturbance of chromatin is an urgent problem. We recorded changes in the indicators of acid-soluble fractions, extracellular nucleic acids and histone proteins in the blood of rats exposed to dust-salt aerosols of the Aral Sea: extracellular CRF, DNA, RNA and histone proteins increased compared to the control group. The results of the study of the role of extracellular nucleic acids and histone proteins are prognostic in order to assess the degree of metabolic disorders, understand the molecular basis of pathogenesis, diagnose various types of cancer and assess the risk of harmful factors.